My Cuneiform Tablets
This post is dedicated to Brian Sloan. Friend. Gamer.
There is/was/will be/whatever a social media meme of of "List X of Y things for some reason". Almost always you are asked to not give a reason for why you chose them. Sometimes you are asked to tag N number of other folks to do the same.
Some time in May of 2020 this came floating down my digital stream:
"I have been nominated to post 180 Sumero-Akkadian cuneiform tables in 180 days that profoundly influenced me, at any point in my life. I was instructed to post each tablet without explanation."
Along with an image of this tablet:
This started on my Facebook feed. I had to catch up on my twitter feed after not doing it on twitter on the first day.
Here's the start of the twitter thread if you are so interested (added 2022-10-21 for the morbidly curious).
That day was May 11, 2020.
I had done some longish running "art" projects. The first being "#ParkingGarageSock". That was in the halcyon Before Times starting August 2, 2019 on Twitter, In Real Life, it started July 2nd.
Ok, I've been meaning to post this for about a month.
My little art project #ParkingGarageSock
I noticed this lost soul on 2019-07-02
โ gizmomathboy @gizmomathboy 12:47 PM ยท Aug 2, 2019
So, I guess I can have a will towards things.
Being in a pandemic gave me few outlets for such...whimsy, so I decided to "make this a thing" and gave it the hashtag #MyCuneiformTablets.
The line "profoundly influenced me, at any point in my life" gave me the latitude to do this in an honest and earnest manner. Each tablet profoundly influenced me on the day I decided to post it, or even on the day I selected it to post in the future. Some actually more than others.
Ok, I needed to find a lot of cuneiform tablets. A quick Duck Duck Go search led me to this:
100 Most Important Cuneiform Objects
I now had 100 tablets I could use. Cool, almost half of the 179 I needed. Or so I thought.
Going through that list and looking for tablets with images was not very fruitful. I was able to get about 50 tablets with an associated image. Most even have an interesting description or page to go with it.
So..just 130 to go.
On the left side menu was the link Cuneiform Collections which looked promising for more places to look for tablets.
Indeed, there was more. I wandered about for a bit but it wasn't very satisfactory.
So, there is CDLI: Cuneiform Digital Library Initiative. As near as I can tell it catalogues all cuneiform objects. I. Mean. All. Cuneiform. Objects.
There is an associated wiki that serves as documentation for the project as well.
Eventually I figured out how to use their search after reading and re-reading the search information page.
There were a few of the fields that I really needed:
- Physical Information
- Object type
- Text Content
- Translation
- Genre
- Sub-genre
Object type includes: tablet, tablet & envelope, bulla, tag, prism, barrel, cylinder, brick, cone, sealing, seal.
The real fun is the Text Content fields.
Genre has lots of choices:
- Administrative
- Royal/Monumental
- Votive
- Lexical
- Lexical; Literary
- Lexical; Literary; Mathematical
- Lexical; Mathematical
- Legal
- Letter
- Literary
- Literary; Mathematical
- Omen
- Prayer/Incantation
- Ritual
- School
- Mathematical
- Astronomical
- Scientific
- uncertain
- fake (modern)
- other (see subgenre)
Sub-genre is more free form and no real categories like Genre. It can be stuff like "witness", "composite", etc. For searches I would look at the Sub-genre to what is there to use in other searches.
Translation is just that, a translation of the text. If available it can be the English translation or even just the transliteration of the written cuneiform. This means you can search for tablets with a translation of "dog" in them.
MySQL is the back end for all of this. For those fields you can use MySQL regular expressions. I used it in the Translation field to search for an alpha characters. That syntax is [:alpha:].
Once I understood how search worked I wrote a script to automate the searching for tablets and then downloading any that had a photo of it.
I searched Mathematical, Astronomical, Scientific, School, Literary, Administrative, and Royal Genres. I would also search translations containing things like magic, spells, Gilgamesh, etc.
This then generated a lot of tablets that I could then sift through, read, and select for "publication".
And that is how I found about 180 cuneiform tablets to post.
So, a little bit about how I chose tablets.
Days 005 through 054 basically come from the top 100 cuneiform tablets/things. After that it was me fumbling around to find things until I figured how to use the CDLI search.
You might be wondering if any of them were meaningful or impactful.
Well, yes and no.
Day 002 to day 051 are all interesting. They are the top 100 cuneiform artefacts as judged by cuneiform people.
Of those, for me the most interesting are Day 006. This is the derivation/calculation of the square root of 2.
Day 007 is more math. Lots of quadratic problems. Stuff with rectangles and squares. This is people thousands of years ago working out some decently complex math.
Day 012 is neat since it's the floor plan and such for a temple. That feeds my dungeon master soul.
Day 023 is the Descent of Ishtar to the Netherworld. Ancient mythology right there.
Day 031 I liked because of how it is about border and water conflicts between 2 states.
Day 038 is a peace treaty. Always cool.
Day 041 is kinda famously known as the Plympton table. It's a list of "Pythagorean Triples". The a2+b2=c2 equations. Thousands of years before Pythagoras.
Day 043 is calculations for the area of various bits of land.
Day 048 is another important tablet. This is the Flood Myth. Way older and basically the same story you'll find in the Book of Genesis for you Abrahmic religion folks.
Day 050 The. Codex. Hammurapi. One of the first "these are the laws" kind of things.
Day 051 Is kind of a Rosetta Stone. It has Greek, Akkadian, and Sumerian on it. Helpful to figure what everything might translate or transliterate to.
After that are a lot of mathematical tablets. I mostly choose those for hopefully obvious reasons.
Also, as near as I can determine, all of those round tablets are basically homework. Scribes or whomever learning to write or even how to do math.
Day 064 starts with "as for the liar". Seemed appropriate for the times we are living in.
Day 067 is fun because it's basically a hype table for Kind Nabu. Always be stroking egos.
A bunch of parables and such go on for a bit after this.
Day 093 I started looking for magic and such. This is a curse against Agade. You know just a king having a throw down with the gods.
This starts a bunch of Literary genre search choices.
Day 094 is just lamenting about Ur getting messed up by a storm and the goddess Ningal being sad about it.
By day 097 my search for magic and such led to some rituals.
Many tablets that are just School work follow.
Day 114 is for Jon Johnson I think. It's about a liver being used for a sacrifice.
Day 115 is another hype tablet. This time for the city of Ur.
Day 125 is some instructions to farmers for how run their farms.
Day 126 is a Creation Myth, always interesting to read such things.
Day 145 through 147 are some riddles. Just showing you that your culture dictates assumptions about what one might or should know.
From here onwards I was trying to avoid "School" tablets and for interesting ones by shape. Which is most anything else. Mostly Literay stuff. I did some searches for Gilgamesh to see what that turned up.
Day 170 might one of the first times Gilgamesh shows up in my choices.
After that are bunches of mythology related stuff.
Days 178 and 179 are total coincides for choices. I wasn't thinking about the election or anything when I selected them for those days.
Day 180 was the only deliberate choice for a specific day. Gilgamesh and Enkidu are epic friends. This tale is important to that. It also is coincidentally appropriate for this day as well.
Dave Jacoby sent this wonderful video about cuneiform and how to write it.
I hope you enjoyed the distraction this has been for the last 180 days.
Some folks have asked in comments to my FB and Twitter posts about what happens next.
Where do I go from here?
Well, I am using a 3 digit number for the days.
Below are all of the 180 days of My Cuneiform Tablets.
The text is a link to either the CDLI wiki with a paragraph or so explaining the text. Otherwise the text links will go to the CDLI page for the tablet. The images are all thumbnails. If you click on an image it links to a higher resolution version of it.
The descriptions are brief and for the most part my quick summary of what the English translation of the tablet is.
Day 001 (2020-05-11) : Random tablet that caused all of this
Day 002 (2020-05-12) : Barton Cylinder
Day 003 (2020-05-13) : Ashurbanipal praising his education
Day 004 (2020-05-14) : Finding old inscriptions
Day 005 (2020-05-15) : Foundation Tablet in Gold
Day 006 (2020-05-16) : square root of 2
Day 007 (2020-05-17) : the manual of quadratic problems
Day 008 (2020-05-18) : Astrolabe B
Day 009 (2020-05-19) : A literary catalog
Day 010 (2020-05-20) : A song of praise to Amurru
Day 011 (2020-05-21) : Agushaya A, with Lorem ipsum text for some reason
Day 012 (2020-05-22) : A temple plan
Day 013 (2020-05-23) : Your money or your life, lorum ipsum text
Day 014 (2020-05-24) : The growth of a herd of cattle
Day 015 (2020-05-25) : A large account of a basketry and carpentry workshop
Day 016 (2020-05-26) : A Collection of Proverbs
Day 017 (2020-05-27) : The Shamash Tablet
Day 018 (2020-05-28) : Designations for Swine
Day 019 (2020-05-29) : A cylinder of Nabonidus, from wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cylinders_of_Nabonidus
Day 020 (2020-05-30) : Sargon's Birth Legend
Day 021 (2020-05-31) : Venus tablet of Ammisaduqa
Day 022 (2020-06-01) : A tablet on Epilepsy
Day 023 (2020-06-02) : The Taylor Prism
Day 024 (2020-06-03) : The Descent of Ishtar to the Netherworld
Day 025 (2020-06-04) : Succession Treaty of Essarhadon, for the blog found it's cdli number
Day 026 (2020-06-05) : Tilgath-pileser's Annalistic Text
Day 027 (2020-06-06) : How to Read Signs
Day 028 (2020-06-07) : An early literary catalogue
Day 029 (2020-06-08) : The Laws of Ur-Nammu
Day 030 (2020-06-09) : The earliest known mathematical exercise
Day 031 (2020-06-10) : The Umma-Lagash border conflict
Day 032 (2020-06-11) : Architecte au plan
Day 034 (2020-06-13) : Figure aux plumes (The Figure with Feathers)
Day 035 (2020-06-14) : The largest account of the archaic period
Day 036 (2020-06-15) : Bassetki statue
Day 037 (2020-06-16) : The Black Obelisk
Day 038 (2020-06-17) : Treaty between Hattushili III and Ramesses II
Day 039 (2020-06-18) : The Cylinders of Gudea
Day 040 (2020-06-19) : The Middle Assyrian Laws, A
Day 041 (2020-06-20) : A list of Pythagorean triples aka Tablet Plimpton 322
Day 042 (2020-06-21) : Sargon's Letter to Ashur
Day 043 (2020-06-22) : Complex surface calculations at Jemdet Nasr
Day 044 (2020-06-23) : The Manistusu Obelisk
Day 045 (2020-06-24) : The Stele of Vultures
Day 046 (2020-06-25) : The Cyrus Cylinder
Day 047 (2020-06-26) : The Weld-Blundell Prism/The Sumerian King List
Day 048 (2020-06-27) : The Flood Tablet
Day 049 (2020-06-28) : Bisitun Inscription, used https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Behistun_Inscription image
Day 050 (2020-06-29) : Codex Hammurapi
Day 051 (2020-06-30) : Graeco Babylonica, Akkadian and Sumerian cuneiform on one side and transliterated Greek on the other
Day 052 (2020-07-01) : The Pedestal of Tukulti-Ninurta I
Day 053 (2020-07-02) : Old Assyrian Testimony, with lorem ipsum text
Day 054 (2020-07-03) : Old Assyrian Sargon legend, used image from wiki
Day 055 (2020-07-04) : mathematical
Day 056 (2020-07-05) : mathematical
Day 057 (2020-07-06) : mathematical
Day 058 (2020-07-07) : mathematical, justice
Day 059 (2020-07-08) : mathematical calculation
Day 060 (2020-07-09) : mathematical calculation
Day 061 (2020-07-10) : what_is_he_saying
Day 062 (2020-07-11) : literary_mathematical_junior_scribe
Day 063 (2020-07-12) : literary_mathematical_heaven_is_a_raven
Day 064 (2020-07-13) : as_for_the_liar
Day 065 (2020-07-14) : literary_mathematical_hold_my_cheek
Day 066 (2020-07-15) : literary_mathematical_mongoose_ate_it
Day 067 (2020-07-16) : to_nabu_exalted_lord
Day 068 (2020-07-17) : literary_mathematical_scribe_knew_one_line
Day 069 (2020-07-18) : literary_mathematical_singer_new_one_song
Day 070 (2020-07-19) : literary_mathematical_shaved_head
Day 071 (2020-07-20) : lion_caught_boar
Day 072 (2020-07-21) : when_a_dog_bites
Day 073 (2020-07-22) : know_your_mother
Day 074 (2020-07-23) : dog_was_speaking
Day 075 (2020-07-24) : spying_fox
Day 076 (2020-07-25) : fox_was_speaking_to_a_goat
Day 077 (2020-07-26) : pig_takes_away
Day 078 (2020-07-27) : pig_splattered_with_mud
Day 079 (2020-07-28) : mathematical_calculation
Day 080 (2020-07-29) : speak_of_my_fate
Day 081 (2020-07-30) : if_he_runs_after
Day 082 (2020-07-31) : the_mouth_of_mankind
Day 083 (2020-08-01) : the_umunu_bird
Day 084 (2020-08-02) : cities_do_not_boast
Day 085 (2020-08-03) : you_should_not_practice_wisdom
Day 086 (2020-08-04) : my_voice_to_you_monthly
Day 087 (2020-08-05) : because_i_am_going
Day 088 (2020-08-06) : from_the_mouth
Day 089 (2020-08-07) : he_of_enlil
Day 090 (2020-08-08) : female_worker_did_not_have_authority
Day 092 (2020-08-10) : justice
Day 093 (2020-08-11) : curse_of_agade
Day 094 (2020-08-12) : lament_for_ur
Day 095 (2020-08-13) : lamentation_over_sumer_and_ur_p_32
Day 096 (2020-08-14) : lamentation_over_sumer_and_ur_p_33
Day 097 (2020-08-15) : ritual_with_beads
Day 098 (2020-08-16) : ritual_festival
Day 099 (2020-08-17) : school_administrative_
Day 100 (2020-08-18) : mathematical_exercise
Day 101 (2020-08-19) : list_of_year_names
Day 102 (2020-08-20) : you_are_the_appeal_of_her_heart
Day 103 (2020-08-21) : proverbs_collection
Day 104 (2020-08-22) : have_not_caught_the_fox
Day 105 (2020-08-23) : fox_in_the_tigris
Day 106 (2020-08-24) : ornaments_of_the_orchard
Day 107 (2020-08-25) : give_dont_give
Day 108 (2020-08-26) : as_for_the_lion
Day 109 (2020-08-27) : lion_seized_the_goat
Day 110 (2020-08-28) : a_sweet_dog
Day 111 (2020-08-29) : do_not_display_hostility
Day 112 (2020-08-30) : dog_get_it
Day 113 (2020-08-31) : dog_going_to_a_banquet
Day 114 (2020-09-01) : this_is_the_liver_sacrificed
Day 115 (2020-09-02) : ur_is_cool
Day 116 (2020-09-03) : ten_pounds_of_silver
Day 117 (2020-09-04) : i_am_the_sixth
Day 118 (2020-09-05) : i_am_the_one
Day 119 (2020-09-06) : inannas_descent
Day 120 (2020-09-07) : cleansing_ritual
Day 121 (2020-09-08) : inanna_and_dumuzi
Day 123 (2020-09-10) : two_scribes
Day 124 (2020-09-11) : dialogue_between_two_women
Day 125 (2020-09-12) : farmers_instructions
Day 126 (2020-09-13) : creation_myth
Day 127 (2020-09-14) : some_monument
Day 128 (2020-09-15) : foodstuffs
Day 129 (2020-09-16) : list_of_stuff
Day 130 (2020-09-17) : ningiszida_song
Day 131 (2020-09-18) : some_king_is_cool
Day 132 (2020-09-19) : hero_ninurta
Day 133 (2020-09-20) : leeks_are_taboo
Day 134 (2020-09-21) : checking_junior_brother
Day 135 (2020-09-22) : make_it_flash
Day 136 (2020-09-23) : with_preciousness
Day 137 (2020-09-24) : bird_radiates_allure
Day 138 (2020-09-25) : performing_upon
Day 139 (2020-09-26) : uncleanliness_he_seeks
Day 140 (2020-09-27) : if_i_speak
Day 141 (2020-09-28) : some_wisdom_sorta
Day 142 (2020-09-29) : the_rich_man
Day 143 (2020-09-30) : bring_fire_from_heaven
Day 144 (2020-10-01) : the_goose_says
Day 146 (2020-10-03) : obscure_riddle
Day 148 (2020-10-05) : more_riddles
Day 149 (2020-10-06) : hymn_to_nidaba
Day 150 (2020-10-07) : wicked_youth
Day 151 (2020-10-08) : sweet_like_honey
Day 152 (2020-10-09) : kill_my_ewe
Day 153 (2020-10-10) : donkey_in_the_river
Day 154 (2020-10-11) : restores_a_fallen_god
Day 155 (2020-10-12) : wisdomd_should_not_be_perfect
Day 156 (2020-10-13) : mouse_speaking_to_its_mother
Day 157 (2020-10-14) : belongs_to
Day 158 (2020-10-15) : a_god_occupies
Day 159 (2020-10-16) : lament_for_ur
Day 160 (2020-10-17) : inanna_and_ebih
Day 161 (2020-10-18) : ninurtas_exploits
Day 162 (2020-10-19) : lament_for_eridu
Day 164 (2020-10-21) : letter_from_siniddinam_to_ninisina
Day 165 (2020-10-22) : letter_from_lugalnesage_to_enlil_massue
Day 167 (2020-10-24) : lament_of_lisin
Day 168 (2020-10-25) : bilingual_text
Day 169 (2020-10-26) : letter_from_x_to_utu
Day 170 (2020-10-27) : gilgamesh_and_huwawa
Day 171 (2020-10-28) : administrative_list
Day 172 (2020-10-29) : ningeszidas_descent
Day 173 (2020-10-30) : rim_sin
Day 175 (2020-11-01) : song_of_hoe
Day 176 (2020-11-02) : more_ur_is_cool
Day 177 (2020-11-03) : instructions_of_shuruppak
Day 178 (2020-11-04) : incantation_anger